Farmers in Bangladesh's coastal districts face severe challenges as a result of climate change, threatening their livelihoods. Farmers are losing money due to changing coastlines, unpredictable rainfall, harsh temperatures, and rising sea levels.
Increased rains have caused substantial losses and farming pattern adaptations. Cyclones, salinity, and tidal surges impair rice, pulse, and watermelon productivity.
Extreme temperatures and irregular rains have worsened pest attacks on rice harvests, while soil salinity has prompted farmers to use more fertilizers, degrading soil quality. Agriculture is difficult in coastal areas due to monsoon rain and drought.
Cyclones, floods, and seawater intrusion frequent the coastal region, affecting millions and causing substantial damage. The Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers shape the shoreline morphology, creating a unique challenge. Coastal erosion threatens the coastline while sedimentation expands land.
Short-term measures like coastal embankments may worsen the situation by restricting sedimentation. Geobags and riverbanks are being used to protect towns from cyclones and flooding. To meet Bangladesh's coastal climate change challenges, long-term relocation, restoration, conservation, and ecosystem management planning is needed.
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